Posted on 10th Jul 2010 @ 3:24 AM
The requirements of newborn nutrition daily:
1. Protein: full-term children per kilogram body weight per day is about 2-3 grams.
2. Fat: The total daily requirement is 9-17 grams / 100 calories heat. Unsaturated fatty acids in breast milk 51%, 75% of which can be absorbed, while the unsaturated fatty acids in milk accounted for only 34%. Linoleic fatty acid and arachidonic acid are essential fatty acids, linoleic fatty acid deficiency and growth retardation, skin rash, arachidonic acid is the synthesis of prostaglandin.
3. Amino acids: 9 kinds of essential amino acids are: lysine, arginine, leucine, isoleucine, Jie acid, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan. Daily intake of newborns must be sufficient to the 9 amino acids.
4. Energy: the first week after birth, full-term children, the daily per kilogram of body weight is about 250 ~ 335 kJ; the second week after birth, the daily per kilogram of body weight is about 335 ~ 420 kJ; the third week after birth and above the daily needs of 420 per kilogram body weight of about 500 kJ.
5. Sugar: full-term children need every day from 17 to 34 g sugar / 100 Cage. Whole milk sugar lactose, milk sugar, lactose, about half.
6. Minerals, macro elements and trace elements.
Sodium: Salt is sodium chloride, sodium necessary to provide the human body. During breast-feeding mothers should not eat too salty, but not sodium is not required. Wet nurse is not a point in the month of salt to the practice is wrong, newborns need salt.
Potassium: Potassium in Dairy Products to meet the needs of newborns. Chlorine: Chlorine as sodium and potassium absorption. Calcium, phosphorus: calcium milk, 50% and 70% in the neonatal intestine to be absorbed; milk calcium absorption rate is only 20%. Breastfeeding is not easy, therefore calcium deficiency, calcium deficiency of milk to feed easily. The absorption of phosphorus and not easy to lack.
Magnesium: Magnesium deficiency affect calcium balance.
Iron: iron content in breast milk and the milk is not high, not easily absorb the iron in milk, so milk is easier to feed the lack of iron.
Zinc: Zinc deficiency rarely neonatal period, usually no additional supplement. Hair zinc can not represent the situation at the time of blood zinc. Therefore, do not measure the time to send the blood zinc zinc conditions, zinc can not be representative of low serum zinc have low blood zinc should prevail.
7. Vitamin: Healthy pregnant women, newborns, little lack of vitamins, so no additional supplement. Mothers during pregnancy if a serious shortage of vitamin intake, placental dysfunction and premature newborn may lack vitamin D, C, E and folic acid.
Vitamin K: vitamin K absence, since the issue can lead to neonatal or late onset hyperlipidemia VK VKDB. Exclusive breastfeeding in particular children, the probability of occurrence is relatively large. Therefore, conventional on to the newborn after the birth of V-K1 1.0 mg intramuscular injection, is a preventive role. Growth of intestinal bacteria in premature children late immature liver function, prone VK lack of a daily supplement of vitamin K1 should be mg, 3 times a row to add.
Vitamin D: Although the birth save a certain amount of vitamin D, but because not enough sunlight in outdoor accepted, can not by food intake, vitamin D in infancy may occur a lack of Xing baby Tetany and early childhood rickets. Should begin two weeks after birth, vitamin D, 400 international units daily.
Vitamin E: Premature children need to be supplemented, 30 mg daily. Vitamin A overdose: In the supplementary vitamin D, some use cod liver oil preparations, namely vitamin AD agent. If the proportion of inappropriate vitamin A overdose can occur, and even poisoning.